问题11：神在第六条、第七条和第八条诫命中有什么要求？
答：第六，我们不可伤害、仇恨或敌视我们的邻舍，而要忍耐、和平，甚至爱我们的仇敌。第七，无论已婚还是单身，都要杜绝不道德的性行为，纯洁、忠诚地生活，避免一切不纯洁的行为、外表、言语、思想和欲望，或任何可能导致它们的东西。第八，未经允许不拿别人的东西，也不扣留我们可能给别人的任何好处。
儿童版：第六，我们不伤害、不仇恨我们的邻舍。第七，我们的生活要纯洁、忠诚。第八，未经许多，不拿别人的东西。

Question 11: What Does God Require in the Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Commandments?
Answer: Sixth, that we do not hurt, or hate, or be hostile to our neighbor, but be patient and peaceful, pursuing even our enemies with love. Seventh, that we abstain from sexual immorality and live purely and faithfully, whether in marriage or in single life, avoiding all impure actions, looks, words, thoughts, or desires, and whatever might lead to them. Eighth, that we do not take without permission that which belongs to someone else, nor withhold any good from someone we might benefit.
For Kids: Sixth, that we do not hurt or hate our neighbor. Seventh, that we live purely and faithfully. Eighth, that we do not take without permission that which belongs to someone else.


歌谱 Lead Sheet

经文

《罗马书》13 章9 节：

　　像那不可奸淫，不可杀人，不可偷盗，不可贪婪，或有别的诫命，都包在「爱人如己」这一句话之内了。

注解

钟马田

　　人连十诫都守不了，却大谈要遵行「登山宝训」和效法基督……如果人尚且不能守自己所理解的十诫，又如何能守得了经主耶稣诠释过的十诫呢？这就是法利赛人全部问题的所在，他们如此恨祂，并最终把祂钉死在十字架上。他们以为自己遵行了十诫和道德律，但我们的主使他们明白，并证明他们事实上并没有做到。他们称自己从未杀过人。等一下，我们的主说，那你有没有骂过弟兄是「魔利」（傻瓜的意思）？如果有，你就犯了杀人的罪。杀人不只是指实际上杀死某人，更是指你心里的苦毒和仇恨……我们记得，主对奸淫的教导也是一样。法利赛人称自己是无罪的。但等一下，我们的主说，你说你从未犯过奸淫？「只是我告诉你们：凡看见妇女就动淫念的，这人心里已经与她犯奸淫了」（太5:28）。法利赛人是有罪的，他们觊觎，他们渴望得到。你看，我们的主透过对律法的讲解让我们看到，邪恶的欲望和行为一样的可恶。在神的眼中，邪情私欲和恶行一样都应受到谴责。

默想

司提反·严

　　基督徒都必须遵守十诫，在十诫中我们看到神的律法。我们通过耶稣的登山宝训明白祂对十诫的诠释，律法的基准远远高过我们的预想。不只是不犯奸淫、不谋杀、不偷窃就行了。耶稣对第六诫解释说，你的心若怀怨，无法原谅别人，骂弟兄是拉加（非人的意思），你就是在心中谋杀了那个人。祂还说，你若在心中动了淫念，未必涉及淫乱的行为，只要在心里动淫念，就干犯了第七诫，又或者你心中贪婪，是个物质主义者，或毫不慷慨，都是干犯了诫命。耶稣把对十诫的认知提到了最高的水准。

　　在马丁·路德的写作中，他提到，你一定是先干犯了第一条诫命，才会干犯余下的诫命。你把其他的事物视为你终极的价值，这些成为你的神，而把神排除在外。

　　他也提到十诫中所有禁止性的诫命都设想了正面的应用。「不可谋杀」同样意味着你必须要完全地爱他人，既爱邻舍也爱仇敌。「不可犯奸淫」意味着你必须要对你的妻子或丈夫忠诚，并承认性关系是神赐与我们的美好礼物。你若已婚，那就是一男一女之间的圣约关系。对「不可偷窃」正确的理解就是你对人必须慷慨大度。

　　这些是基督徒在面对十诫时需要承担的责任。但问题是，我们没有能力彻底守住这十诫。我们如何才能解决此间的张力？

　　耶稣基督是第二亚当，是真以色列人，是具有神人二性的人类代表，祂完全满足了律法的要求。祂的顺服与公义现在归算在我们身上，因此我们得到了遵守律法和诫命的能力。即使我们无法完全守住这律法，我们也明白，自己不会被律法压垮，我们在渴望顺服神的律法时，会充满信心。因为知道耶稣基督已经为我们完全满足了律法的要求。所以当我们悖逆或无法守全律法时，我们不会惧怕被神抛弃。因为我们知道耶稣基督已成就了这一切，祂为我们完全满足了律法的一切要求。

祷告

　　我们灵魂信实的牧者，祢造了我们，让我们在地上以爱相交，但我们却一再地失败。愿祢的爱在我们中间掌权，让我们行事纯洁，因祢名的缘故，使我们放下情欲和贪恋。阿们。

Scripture

ROMANS 13:9

For the commandments, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and any other commandment, are summed up in this word: “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”

Commentary

MARTYN LLOYD-JONES

Man cannot even keep the Ten Commandments. And yet he talks glibly about keeping the Sermon on the Mount, and of imitating Christ. . . . And if a man cannot keep the Ten Commandments, as they understand them, what hope have they of keeping the Ten Commandments as they have been interpreted by the Lord Jesus Christ? That was the whole trouble with the Pharisees, who so hated him and who finally crucified him. They thought they were keeping the Ten Commandments and the moral law. Our Lord convinced them and convicted them of the fact that they were not doing so. They claimed that they had never committed murder. Wait a minute, said our Lord. Have you ever said to your brother, “Thou fool”? If you have, you are guilty of murder. Murder does not only mean actually, physically, killing a man, it means that bitterness and hatred in your heart. . . . And he taught the same, you remember, with regard to adultery. They claimed that they were guiltless. But wait a minute, says our Lord, you say you have never committed adultery? “But I say unto you, that whosoever looketh on a woman to lust after her, hath committed adultery with her already in his heart” (Matt. 5:28). He is guilty; he has coveted, he has desired. You see, as our Lord comes to interpret the law, he shows that an evil desire is as damnable as a deed. A thought and an imagination are as reprehensible in the sight of God as the act committed.

Devotional

STEPHEN UM

Christians are obligated to obey the Ten Commandments, because what we find in the Ten Commandments are the laws of God. What we find in Jesus’s interpretation in the Sermon on the Mount is that the standards of the law are much higher than we had assumed. It’s not just not committing adultery and not murdering and not stealing. Jesus says, in interpreting the sixth commandment, that if you harbor bitterness, if you’re unable to forgive someone, if you call a person raca (that is, to consider him a nonperson), then you’ve murdered that person in your heart. He also says that if you lust in your heart, you’re breaking the seventh commandment and committing adultery. And you are being greedy if you’re materialistic and you’re not radically generous. So Jesus raises the bar of the commandments to the highest level.

Martin Luther wrote that you cannot break the rest of the commandments without first breaking the first one. That is, if you break the commandments, you are looking at other things as your ultimate value and your god rather than God himself.

Luther also said that when there is a negative prohibition in the Ten Commandments, a positive implication is assumed. Therefore, when it says that you ought not to murder, it also means that you ought to radically love others, even neighbors and enemies. And when it says you ought not to commit adultery, the assumption is that you’re supposed to be faithful to your wife or to your husband and to recognize sexuality as a beautiful gift from God. And therefore if you’re in a marriage relationship, you ought to recognize that it is a covenantal commitment between a man and a woman. When it says that you ought not to steal, the understanding is that you ought to be radically generous.

These are the responsibilities that Christians have in responding to the Ten Commandments. But the problem is that we’re unable to obey them perfectly. So how are we going to resolve that tension?

Jesus Christ is the second Adam, the true Israel, the individual divine corporate head and representative who has come to fulfill the obligations of the law perfectly in himself. His obedience and righteousness now gets imputed into our lives, thereby giving us the ability to obey the obligations and the demands of the law. Even when we don’t obey them perfectly, we know that we are not going to be crushed by the law, and we will have confidence as we seek to obey the law of God because we know that Jesus Christ has fulfilled those requirements perfectly for us. Therefore, we can live without fear of rejection from God for our disobedience or lack of perfect obedience. But we know that Jesus Christ has accomplished all these things, fulfilling the requirements of the law perfectly for us.

Prayer

Faithful Shepherd of Our Souls, you created us to live in love and fellowship on the earth, but we fail in that again and again. May your love rule every relationship so that we walk in purity, putting away lust, covetousness, and greed, for your name’s sake. Amen.