问题9：神在第一条、第二条和第三条诫命中有什么要求？
答：第一，认识并信靠神，这位独一永活的真神。第二，避免一切的偶像崇拜，不以不当的方式敬拜神。第三，敬畏神的名，尊荣祂的话语和作为。第一，我们要认识并信靠神是又真又活的独一神。 第二，我们要避免一切偶像崇拜，不以不当方式敬拜神。 第三，我们要敬畏神的名，尊荣祂的话语和作为。
儿童版：第一，我们要认识神是独一的真神。 第二，我们要避免一切偶像崇拜。 第三，我们要敬畏神的名。

Question 9: What Does God Require in the First, Second, and Third Commandments?
Answer: First, that we know and trust God as the only true and living God. Second, that we avoid all idolatry and do not worship God improperly. Third, that we treat God’s name with fear and reverence, honoring also his Word and works.
For Kids: First, that we know God as the only true God. Second, that we avoid all idolatry. Third, that we treat God’s name with fear and reverence.


歌谱 Lead Sheet

经文

《申命记》6 章13 节：

　　你要敬畏耶和华你的神，事奉祂，指着祂的名起誓。

注解

司布真

　　神引导人看见，圣经中所启示的和主耶稣所表明的那位神，是创造天地的神。人们往往照着自己的喜好造神，不是用木头或石头，就是用他们所谓的自我意识，或带着文化印记的思想来造一个合他们心意的神，这位神不会过于严厉地责罚他们的罪或对不悔改的人执行严格公义的审判。他们拒绝接纳神的本相，而详述其他的神，并按着自己的想象造神，还指着所造的神说：「以色列啊，这就是你们的神！」

　　然而，当圣灵光照我们的心，我们就会明白，耶和华是神，除祂以外，再无别神。圣灵会教导他的百姓，让他们知道天地之神就是圣经中的神，祂的各属性之间有着完美的平衡，怜悯而公义，慈爱而圣洁，有恩典、有真理，力量中有柔情。神不像异教的神那样对罪睁一只眼闭一只眼，祂恨恶罪，不能容忍罪，也绝不会以有罪为无罪。这是当今哲学家和基督徒之间的大争论。哲学家说：「如果你认为有神，那就有吧，但祂的品性一定会像我所认为的那样。」基督徒这样回复：「我们不是要造神，而是要顺服圣经中所启示的这位独一的主。」

默想

约翰·林

　　前三条诫命告诉我们基于那位独一的、又真又活的神当如何生活。

　　第一条诫命说，除祂以外不可有其他的神，祂是我们独一敬拜的对象，是我们终极的至爱并渴慕的对象。第二条诫命也相仿，告诉我们说，不可按着自己的想法来敬拜神，圣经称之为拜偶像。我们必须按神的本相来敬拜祂，而不是我们的喜好。也就是说，不可敬拜假神，也不可用错误的方式来敬拜神。

　　第三条诫命其实也很类似，不可滥用或妄称神的名。我们知道神的名代表着祂的性格与本质，这也是为什么祂告诉摩西自己的名字是：「我是」。换句话说，神在说，「我是自有永有的。」不滥用神的名并不是纯粹指我们只能使用哪些词，哪些不能用，而是在说，当我们用一言一行论及神的时候，我们就必须全然荣耀尊崇祂。

　　就前两条诫命，让我再多说两句。比如说，也许你心中追寻着一些目标，名声、某种工作、与梦想中的大人物交往，这能使你得着终极的安慰或满足你生命的意义。在日常生活中，你如果从这些梦想中寻求满足，而不是从神那得满足，你就干犯了第一条诫命。假如你把你的目标当作神，无论是声望、工作，或者是一个人，这些都会成为你敬拜的对象。

　　但反过来讲，假如你敬拜神，认为祂应该通过赐你名声、工作和你所渴望的人际关系带给你安慰，假如你只想要这些，这也是在干犯诫命。当你把自己的想象强加给神时，你就制造了一个满足客户需求的神，这就是偶像。前两条诫命让我们唯独敬拜神，把祂当做真的神去敬拜，不是敬拜一个我们定制出来的神或偶像。

　　为何这些诫命强调要唯独敬拜神，要按照祂的本相敬拜祂，而不是按我们自己的喜好？为何第三条诫命特别强调要荣耀祂的名？因为神造我们，让我们渴慕祂，并且只有祂才能满足这种渴慕，只有祂才是问题的答案。如果我们总是想要改变神，或找其他的东西来替代神，我们就永远无法经历平安，永远得不到真安慰、真意义、真喜乐，我们永远会觉得缺乏。但假如神真是我们生命的中心，不是其他的偶像，或是改造过的神，而是又真又活的神，我们就会有真平安。

　　这就是为什么奥古斯丁（Augustine of Hippo）写道：「主啊，祢为你自己造了我们，若不安息在祢怀中，我们便不得安宁。」

祷告

　　独一的神，祢的名超乎万名之上，我们怀着敬畏来到祢的面前。保守我们忠于祢的诫命，戳穿我们生命中一切的假神。让我们用心灵和诚实单单敬拜祢。阿们。

Scripture

DEUTERONOMY 6:13–14

It is the Lord your God you shall fear. Him you shall serve and by his name you shall swear.

Commentary

CHARLES HADDON SPURGEON

God leads men to see that the God revealed in Scripture, and manifested in the person of the Lord Jesus, is the God who made heaven and earth. Man fashions for himself a god after his own liking; he makes to himself if not out of wood or stone, yet out of what he calls his own consciousness, or his cultured thought, a deity to his taste, who will not be too severe with his iniquities or deal out strict justice to the impenitent. He rejects God as he is, and elaborates other gods, such as he thinks the Divine One ought to be, and he says concerning these works of his own imagination, “These be thy gods, O Israel!”

The Holy Spirit, however, when he illuminates their minds, leads us to see that Jehovah is God, and beside him there is none else. He teaches his people to know that the God of heaven and earth is the God of the Bible, a God whose attributes are completely balanced, mercy attended by justice, love accompanied by holiness, grace arrayed in truth, and power linked with tenderness. He is not a God who winks at sin, much less is pleased with it, as the gods of the heathen are supposed to be, but a God who cannot look upon iniquity, and will by no means spare the guilty. This is the great quarrel of the present day between the philosopher and the Christian. The philosopher says, “Yes, a god if you will, but he must be of such a character as I now dogmatically set before you”; but the Christian replies, “Our business is not to invent a god, but to obey the one Lord who is revealed in the Scriptures of truth.”

Devotional

JOHN LIN

The first three commandments show how we are to live in reference to and in light of the only true and living God.

The first commandment tells us that we are to have no other gods but God. He is to be the exclusive object of our worship, the ultimate object of our love and desire. The second commandment is similar and tells us that we are not to worship God according to our own conception of God, what the Bible calls idolatry. We must worship God according to who he is and not according to what we want him to be. In other words, do not worship false gods, and do not worship God falsely.

The third commandment is actually similar to the first two. We are not to misuse or mistreat the name of God. We know God’s name describes his character, the essence of his being, which is why he told Moses that his name is “I am.” In other words, God is saying, “My name is that I’m self-existent and eternal.” To not misuse the name of God doesn’t merely mean that there are certain words we can or cannot say. It means that when we speak of God, whether through words or lifestyle, we are to fully honor and respect who he is.

Let’s consider the first two commandments a bit more. Say, for instance, you believe in your heart that attaining some goal in your life—prestige, a certain kind of job, a relationship with the person of your dreams—will provide you with ultimate comfort and will answer your heart’s desire for significance. In a daily functional way, you look to that goal to provide you with deeper comfort than God. That’s breaking the first commandment. You’ve turned your goal into God. Prestige, a certain job, or a person has become the object of your worship.

The flip side is that if you worship God because you believe that he should provide you with comfort by providing the prestige, the job, or the relationship that you desire and are looking for, you are also violating the commandments. You’ve imposed your conception of who God is on God. You’ve created a custom designer god, an idol. These first two commandments are that we worship God alone, that we worship God as a true God, and that we not worship a designer god or an idol.

So why do these commandments insist on us worshiping God alone and worshiping God as he is and not as we want him to be? Why is the third commandment so insistent on honoring and respect- ing his name and his character? It is because God created us with a desire that only he can fulfill—a desire for him. If we are always trying to change who God is or replace him with something else, we’ll never be at peace. We’ll never experience true comfort, true significance, or true joy. We’ll never be whole. But if God is at the center of our lives, not another god or a revised version of God, but the true and living God, we’ll truly be at peace.

This is precisely why Augustine wrote, “You’ve made us for yourself, and our heart is restless until it rests in you.”

Prayer

One and Only God, your name is above all names, and we come before you in reverence and fear. Keep us true to your commandments. Reveal to us any false gods in our lives. Let us worship you alone in spirit and truth. Amen.