A:Into three parts:the first is about God the Father and our creation;the second about God the Son and our redemption;the third about God the Holy Spiritand our sanctification.
25问:既然只有一位上帝(1),你为何又说到圣父、圣子、圣灵三个位格?
回答:因为上帝在圣经中是如此启示的(2),这三个不同的位格就是那独一永恒的真神。
Q: Since there is only one God,1why do you speak of three persons, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit?
A:Because God has so revealed Himself in His Wordthat these three distinct personsare the one, true, eternal God.
A:True faith is a sure knowledgewhereby I accept as trueall that God has revealed to us in His Word.At the same time it is a firm confidencethat not only to others, but also to me,God has granted forgiveness of sins,everlasting righteousness, and salvation,out of mere grace,only for the sake of Christ’s merits.This faith the Holy Spirit works in my heartby the gospel.
A: I. 1. I believe in God the Father almighty, Creator of heaven and earth. II. 2. I believe in Jesus Christ, His only-begotten Son, our Lord; 3. He was conceived by the Holy Spirit, born of the virgin Mary; 4. suffered under Pontius Pilate, was crucified, dead, and buried; He descended into hell. 5. On the third day He arose from the dead; 6. He ascended into heaven, and sits at the right hand of God the Father almighty; 7. from there He will come to judge the living and the dead. III. 8. I believe in the Holy Spirit; 9. I believe a holy catholic Christian church, the communion of saints; 10. the forgiveness of sins; 11. the resurrection of the body; 12. and the life everlasting. Amen.
A:He must be a true manbecause the justice of God requiresthat the same human nature which has sinnedshould pay for sin.He must be a righteous manbecause one who himself is a sinnercannot pay for others.
A:He must be true Godso that by the power of His divine natureHe might bear in His human naturethe burden of God’s wrath,and might obtain for usand restore to usrighteousness and life.
A:From the holy gospel,which God Himself first revealed in Paradise.Later, He had it proclaimed by the patriarchs and prophets,and foreshadowedby the sacrifices and other ceremoniesof the law.Finally, He had it fulfilledthrough His only Son.
Q: Since, according to God’s righteous judgment we deserve temporal and eternal punishment, how can we escape this punishment and be again received into favor?
A:God demands that His justice be satisfied.Therefore we must make full payment,either by ourselves or through another.
A:No.In the first place,God will not punish another creaturefor the sin which man has committed. Furthermore,no mere creature can sustain the burden of God’s eternal wrath against sin and deliver others from it.
Q: But does not God do man an injustice by requiring in His law what man cannot do?
A:No,for God so created manthat he was able to do it.But man, at the instigation of the devil,in deliberate disobediencerobbed himself and all his descendantsof these gifts.
Q: Will God allow such disobedience and apostasy to go unpunished?
A:Certainly not.He is terribly displeasedwith our original sinas well as our actual sins.Therefore He will punish themby a just judgmentboth now and eternally,as He has declared:Cursed is everyonewho does not continue to do everythingwritten in the Book of the Law (Galatians 3:10).
A:God is indeed merciful,but He is also just.His justice requiresthat sin committedagainst the most high majesty of Godalso be punished with the most severe,that is, with everlasting,punishment of body and soul.
Q: Did God, then, create man so wicked and perverse?
A:No, on the contrary,God created man good and in His image,that is, in true righteousness and holiness,so that he might rightly know God his Creator,heartily love Him,and live with Him in eternal blessednessto praise and glorify Him.
Q: From where, then, did man’s depraved nature come?
A:From the fall and disobedience of our first parents,Adam and Eve, in Paradise,for there our nature became so corruptthat we are all conceived and born in sin.
A.Christ teaches us this in a summary in Matthew 22:Love the Lord your Godwith all your heartand with all your souland with all your mind. This is the first and greatest commandment.And the second is like it:Love your neighbor as yourself.All the Law and the Prophets hang on these two commandments.
你要尽心、尽性、尽力爱耶和华你的神。(申6:5)
不可报仇,也不可埋怨你本国的子民,却要爱人如己。我是耶和华。(利19:18)
5问:你能完全遵守这些诫命吗?
回答:不能(1)。我的本性倾向憎恶上帝和他人(2)。
Q. Can you keep all this perfectly?
A.No, I am inclined by natureto hate God and my neighbor.
A:That I am not my own,but belong with body and soul,both in life and in death,to my faithful Savior Jesus Christ.He has fully paid for all my sinswith His precious blood,and has set me free from all the power of the devil.He also preserves me in such a waythat without the will of my heavenly Fathernot a hair can fall from my head;indeed, all things must work togetherfor my salvation.Therefore, by His Holy SpiritHe also assures meof eternal lifeand makes me heartily willing and readyfrom now on to live for Him.
Q: What do you need to know in order to live and die in the joy of this comfort?
A:First,how great my sins and misery are;second,how I am deliveredfrom all my sins and misery;third,how I am to be thankful to Godfor such deliverance.
约翰·尼尔森·达秘(J. N. Darby)的经历和教导,在历史上占有相当重要的地位。这不但是因为他在恢复到基督徒聚会的基础上所作的重大贡献,也因为他后来持有的某一些错误观念,给教会造成严重伤害。一个人可以是完全献身于真理,具有属灵的洞察力,并且才智出众,但是他依然与一般普通有限的人一样。他具有逻辑上一贯性的动机,就是要求将所看见的真理付诸实施,并且要绝对不折不扣地贯彻实行自己的教导。然而在实行的过程中,他似乎就是如此的专注,以致于对路边的警告标示视而不见,不知不觉地已经误入歧途。达秘的一生是这样一个很典型的例子,这个例子让我们看到,一个完全献身给主的人,当他的心思完全被一个「原则」所囿而成了固执己见时,他甚至会为了所谓的原则而牺牲教会。
十九世纪有两股力量对社会产生了很大的冲击:一个就是藉着圣经公会使得世界各地的人都有机会读到圣经,另一个就是无宗派的信心差会的兴起,其对世界各地的影响力难以估计。各样宣教工作最主要的工具,当然就是圣经中神的话语。当圣经被译成更多种语言的时候,就是没有组织化的宣教工作,圣经本身也能成就许多属灵的工作。这方面最特出的例子,乃是在主后1812年沙皇亚历山大一世(Czar Alexander I)准许英国以及外国圣经公会在他的辖区以内许多偏远的地方设立办事处。反对分送圣经的势力有时非常强大,其中最主要的还是由当权的东正教教会的迫害最为厉害。尽管存在各种各样的逼迫,然而俄文圣经以及其它文字的圣经到布尔什维克上台以前,还是在俄国自由地分送。