微仆 – 第 76 页 – 基督、使命与教会

四十、称义与信心

72问：什么是使人称义的信心？

答：使人称义的信心是借着上帝的圣灵（林后4:13；弗1:17-19）和圣言（罗10:14，17）在人心里所成就，能叫人得救的恩典（来10:39），使人既借以确知自己的罪恶和祸患，确信自己和其他万有一切都无法令自己恢复所已经失去的地位，就不仅能认同福音所应许的真理之道（徒2:37；徒16:30；约16:8－9；罗5:6；弗2:1；徒4:12），而且也能接受、信靠并根据基督与基督之义，罪得赦免（约1:12；徒16:31，10:43；弗1:13），在上帝眼中被接纳，被算为义，以致得救（腓3:9；徒15:11）。

Question 72: What is justifying faith?

Answer: Justifying faith is a saving grace, wrought in the heart of a sinner by the Spirit and Word of God, whereby he, being convinced of his sin and misery, and of the disability in himself and all other creatures to recover him out of his lost condition, not only assents to the truth of the promise of the gospel, but receives and rests upon Christ and his righteousness, therein held forth, for pardon of sin, and for the accepting and accounting of his person righteous in the sight of God for salvation.

73问：信心如何使罪人在上帝眼中得称为义呢？

答：信心之所以能使罪人在上帝眼中得称为义，并非由于经常伴随信心而来的其他恩典，或所结出来种种美善的果子（加3:11；罗3:28），也还不是由于所赐下来使罪人得称为义之信心的恩典或作为（罗4:5，比较罗10:10），而单单是因为信心本身乃是承接并支取基督与基督之义的器皿（约1:12；腓3:9；加2:16）。

Question 73: How does faith justify a sinner in the sight of God?

Answer: Faith justifies a sinner in the sight of God, not because of those other graces which do always accompany it, or of good works that are the fruits of it, nor as if the grace of faith, or any act thereof, were imputed to him for his justification; but only as it is an instrument by which he receives and applies Christ and his righteousness.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十九、称义与恩典

71问：称义怎么是上帝白白恩典的作为呢？

答：基督固然已借着顺服与代死之功，为所有被称为义之人作出了能满足上帝公义之要求、切实有效的补偿（罗5:8-10，19），但上帝既是根据自己的要求，让人单单凭着信心（罗3:24-25），单单凭着出于上帝所赐的信心（弗2:8），就能从祂自己所提供作为担保之独生子身上取得了补偿（提前2:5-6；来10:10；太20:28；但9:24，26；赛53:4-6，10-12；来7:22；罗8:32；彼前1:18-19），使独生子之义归算到他们的身上（林后5:21），就充分说明他们所以得称为义全是上帝白白的恩典了（弗1:7）。

Question 71: How is justification an act of God’s free grace?

Answer: Although Christ, by his obedience and death, did make a proper, real, and full satisfaction to God’s justice in the behalf of them that are justified; yet inasmuch as God accepts the satisfaction from a surety, which he might have demanded of them, and did provide this surety, his own only Son, imputing his righteousness to them, and requiring nothing of them for their justification but faith, which also is his gift, their justification is to them of free grace.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十八、称义

70问：何谓称义？

答：称义是上帝对罪人所赐白白恩典的作为（罗3:22，24-25；4:5），包括赦免他们所有的罪、接纳他们、视他们为义人（林后5:19，21；罗3:22，24-25，27-28）。上帝将这恩典加在他们的身上（罗5:17-19；罗4:6-8），并不因为他们有所成就或有所作为（多3:5，7；弗1:7），而只是由于基督完全的顺服和充分的补偿，使他们可以单单凭着信心领受（徒10:43；加2:16；腓3:9）。

Question 70: What is justification?

Answer: Justification is an act of God’s free grace unto sinners, in which he pardons all their sins, accepts and accounts their persons righteous in his sight; not for any thing wrought in them, or done by them, but only for the perfect obedience and full satisfaction of Christ, by God imputed to them, and received by faith alone.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十七、选民在恩典中与基督的交通

69问：无形教会的成员所享有与基督的交契之恩是什么？

答：无形教会的成员所享有与基督的交契之恩，就是有份于基督的中保之功，得称为义（罗8:30）、得着名分（弗1:5）、得以成圣，以及今生已与基督联为一体的所有记号（林前1:30）。

Question 69: What is the communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with Christ?

Answer: The communion in grace which the members of the invisible church have with Christ, is their partaking of the virtue of his mediation, in their justification, adoption, sanctification, and: Whatever else, in this life, manifests their union with him.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十六、有效的恩召

67问：何谓有效的恩召？

答：有效的恩召乃上帝大能与恩典的作为（约5:25；弗1:18-20；提后1:8-9），就是：1）祂的行动完全是出于自己对选民白白的奇恩妙爱，并非因为选民自己有什么吸引祂的地方（多3:4-5；弗2:4-5，7-9；罗9:11）；2）祂在悦纳的日子，借着自己的圣言和圣灵，将他们邀到、引到耶稣基督面前（林后5:20，比较林后6:1-2；约6:44；帖后2:13-14）；3）祂以救赎之光启迪他们的心思（徒26:18；林前2:10，12），更新并有力地扭转他们的意志（结11:19；36:26-27；约6:45），使他们已死在罪恶过犯中的人能够甘心乐意、自由自在回应祂的呼召，领受所赐、所传予他们的恩典（弗2:5；腓2:13；申30:6）。

Question 67: What is effectual calling?

Answer: Effectual calling is the work of God’s almighty power and grace, whereby (out of his free and special love to his elect, and from nothing in them moving him thereunto) he does, in his accepted time, invite and draw them to Jesus Christ, by his Word and Spirit; savingly enlightening their minds, renewing and powerfully determining their wills, so as they (although in themselves dead in sin) are hereby made willing and able freely to Answer: his call, and to accept and embrace the grace offered and conveyed therein.

68问：是否只有选民能有效蒙召？

答：唯独所有的选民能蒙受有效的恩召（徒13:48）；其他人虽或也经常触及上帝圣言外在的呼召（太22:14），以及圣灵某方面一般性的作为（太7:22；13:20-21；来6:4-6），但由于他们对所显于他们之恩典蓄意忽略、心存藐视，弃自己于不信之中，故无法真正归向耶稣基督（约12:38-40；徒28:25-27；约6:64-65；诗81:11-12）。

Question 68: Are the elect only effectually called?

Answer: All the elect, and they only, are effectually called; although others may be, and often are, outwardly called by the ministry of the Word, and have some common operations of the Spirit; who, for their wilful neglect and contempt of the grace offered to them, being justly left in their unbelief, do never truly come to Jesus Christ.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十五、选民与基督的合一

66问：什么是选民与基督的联合？

答：选民与基督的联合是出于上帝恩典的作为（弗1:22，2:6-8），使选民能借着有效之恩召（彼前5:10；林前1:9），在灵魂里以基督为元首、为丈夫，切切实实、密不可分、奥秘神奇地联合在一起（林前6:17；约10:28；弗5:23，30）。

Question 66: What is that union which the elect have with Christ?

Answer: The union which the elect have with Christ is the work of God’s grace, whereby they are spiritually and mystically, yet really and inseparably, joined to Christ as their head and husband; which is done in their effectual calling.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十四、无形教会及其特权

64问：何谓无形的教会？

答：所谓无形的教会，就是过去、现在、未来，所有在元首基督名下蒙选召，归为一体之人的统称（弗1:10，22－23；约10:16；11:52）。

Question 64: What is the invisible church?

Answer: The invisible church is the whole number of the elect, that have been, are, or shall be gathered into one under Christ the head.

65问：无形教会之成员能借着基督享受什么特殊的恩惠？

答：无形教会之成员能借着基督享受与祂联合交契的恩典和荣耀（约17:21；弗2:5－6；约17:24）。

Question 65: What special benefits do the members of the invisible church enjoy by Christ?

Answer: The members of the invisible church by Christ enjoy union and communion with him in grace and glory.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十三、有形教会及其特权

62问：何谓有形的教会？

答：有形的教会就是世界上各时代、各地方所有公开接受基督信仰之人（林前1:2；12:13；罗15:9-12；启7:9；诗2:8；诗22:27-31；诗45:17；太28:19-20；赛59:21）以及他们之儿女（林前7:14；徒2:39；罗11:16；创17:7）所集合而成的社团。

Question 62: What is the visible church?

Answer: The visible church is a society made up of all such as in all ages and places of the world do profess the true religion, and of their children.

63问：有形教会有什么特权？

答：有形教会所拥有特权包括：1）蒙受上帝特殊的看顾和管治（赛4:5-6；提前4:10）；2）在各时代诸般仇敌的对抗下，得蒙上帝的护庇和保守（诗115；赛31:4-5；亚12:2-4，89）；3）享受圣徒间的团契，就是一般上既能为人提供得救机会的团契（徒2:39，42），又能为信徒提供传扬福音之主恩的团契，使信徒能以亲自证实，凡信主的人都必得救（诗147:19-20；罗9:4；弗4:11-12；可16:1516），凡来到主面前的人总不被丢弃（约6:37）。

Question 63: What are the special privileges of the visible church?

Answer: The visible church has the privilege of being under God’s special care and government; of being protected and preserved in all ages, not withstanding the opposition of all enemies; and of enjoying the communion of saints, the ordinary means of salvation, and offers of grace by Christ to all the members of it in the ministry of the gospel, testifying, that whosoever believes in him shall be saved, and excluding none that will come unto him.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十二、听过福音之人的状况

61问：是否所有听过福音，又参加教会生活的人，都能得救？

答：不是的，不是所有听过福音，又参加有形教会之生活的人，都能得救；唯独作为无形教会真实肢体的人才能得救（约12:38-40；罗9:6；太22:14；太7:21；罗11:7）。

Question 61: Are all they saved who hear the gospel, and live in the church?

Answer: All that hear the gospel, and live in the visible church, are not saved; but they only who are true members of the church invisible.

《威斯敏斯特大教理问答》

三十一、未听信福音之人的状况

60问：如此，那些从未听闻福音，所以不认识、也不相信耶稣基督的人，是否能因为按照自然之光生活为人而得救？

答：那些从未听过福音（罗10:14），所以不认识、也不相信耶稣基督的人（帖后1:8-9；弗2:12；约1:10-12），是不可能得救的（约8:24；可16:16）。因为他们实在没有办法完全按照自然之光（林前1:20-24），或按照自己所奉为宗教的诫律，有效地规划自己的生活（约4:22；罗9:31-32；腓3:4-9），更何况除了除了作为教会之身体及教会之救主（弗5:23）以外，天下人间，别无拯救（徒4:12）。

Question 60: Can they who have never heard the gospel, and so know not Jesus Christ, nor believe in him, be saved by their living according to the light of nature?

Answer: They who, having never heard the gospel, know not Jesus Christ, and believe not in him, cannot be saved, be they never so diligent to frame their lives according to the light of nature, or the laws of that religion which they profess; neither is there salvation in any other, but in Christ alone, who is the Savior only of his body the church.